Which of the following is an independent clause?

Whenever we take information from another source – whether we use the information word for word or we put the information into our own words – we must use a(n) right after where the research occurs in the paper.

How will charlie most likely change after his experience at the diner in part 2 of "flowers for algernon"? he should be kind to each person who crosses his path. he will be more sympathetic to those who are similar to the way he once was. he will attempt to the dishwasher receive the surgery he was given. he will react the same way each time he sees someone being treated unfairly.

Which statement best paraphrases these sentences from the text