Warm-Up
Which of these literary strategies help bring a scene, character, or setting to life for you?

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Read the passage from animal farm. "that was part of the arrangement! " cried squealer. "jones's shot only grazed him. i could show you this in his own writing, if you were able to read it. the plot was for snowball, at the critical moment, to give the signal for flight and leave the field to the enemy. and he very nearly succeeded—i will even say, comrades, he would have succeeded if it had not been for our heroic leader, comrade napoleon. do you not remember how, just at the moment when jones and his men had got inside the yard, snowball suddenly turned and fled, and many animals followed him? and do you not remember, too, that it was just at that moment, when panic was spreading and all seemed lost, that comrade napoleon sprang forward with a cry of 'death to humanity! ' and sank his teeth in jones's leg? surely you remember that, comrades? " exclaimed squealer, frisking from side to side. now when squealer described the scene so graphically, it seemed to the animals that they did remember it. at any rate, they remembered that at the critical moment of the battle snowball had turned to flee. but boxer was still a little uneasy. how does the characterization of squealer support the author’s purpose? squealer's dramatic accusations draw parallels between him and stalin’s propagandists. squealer's uncertainty shows that he is not a reliable ally of napoleon and is ineffective with messaging. squealer's ability to get the animals to listen to him shows that any animal can rise to be a leader in time. squealer's humble interactions with the animals reflect the importance of equality and cooperation.

Consider the text and its central idea. informational text: one privilege that many teens look forward to is the ability to earn a driver’s license. driver’s licensing requirements are not the same in every state. in some states, young people can be fully licensed before their sixteenth birthday. in other states, the privilege to drive has some restrictions until the driver is eighteen years old. in every state, driver education is a required step in earning a license. students might earn a permit, or provisional license, and spend six months to a year driving with an adult in the car. since states are very different based on population, development, and roadways, the laws are different, too. central idea: states makes different laws about licensing drivers with some similar requirements. what supporting detail is most important to include in a summary of this text? teens get excited about learning to drive. in some states, kids can get their license on their birthday. some states are heavily populated, with dangerous roads to navigate. every state includes driver education as part of licensing requirements.