In the book Victorio’s War, just before Santiago died, he gave Jim money to buy what

answer:

excerpt:

James (Jim) Doolen, sometimes know as Busca, appears in this final book of “The Desert Legends” trilogy. After leaving his Canadian home to find his father and becoming a hired gun and adventurer, he is now a scout for the 10th Cavalry in New Mexico Territory in 1879. Jim’s task is to keep the peace with the Apache people who have left a hated desert reservation and are demanding to return to their ancestral lands. But soon Jim and the army are at war with Victorio (leader of the Apaches), who moves his base of operations to Mexico. Jim is taken prisoner in combat, but his previous relationships with many in the Apache camp allow him to join their group. Finally, Jim and the Apaches are attacked by Mexican soldiers. Most are slaughtered or taken prisoner, but Jim finds freedom in Chihuahua City because of a good deed done for a Mexican orphan. In Mexico, Jim also finds Santiago, one of his very first friends. Santiago helps Jim in exchange for his stories, and through this literary device Jim tells his tale. When Santiago dies, Jim uses the money he leaves behind to buy the freedom of one Apache girl.

     Jim is the typical strong silent type of the Western genre, becoming a man in a dramatic time and place. He has a lot of lessons to learn along the way, lessons about comradeship, trust, politics and courage. He is also an observer and absorbs information by watching those around him. Strangely, he is both very active and very passive, and this passivity is frustrating at times. Jim is not always compelling enough as a character to warrant being at the centre of a trilogy of books.

     Victorio’s War covers a lot of ground and takes place over a time period of more than a year. It skips back and forth between a number of different events, and this makes it somewhat disjointed and muddled at times. There is an almost constant succession of skirmishes, battles and gunfights, mixed with strategy talks around campfires. I do admire the complexity of the structure which does add interest to the story, but perhaps Wilson tries too hard to incorporate the many strands in this story. I also admire the ambitious nature of this book which delves into complex historical events from a lot of different angles. But again, Wilson’s reach exceeds his grasp, and the various parts never fully coalesce into a complete and satisfying narrative.

     Ghost Town, the previous instalment, was fill of pointless bloody murders, but the violence is even more widespread and disturbing in this novel, mostly because the story has turned to actual wars, rather than just local shoot ‘em ups. Jim naively believes in the possibility of peace, but the career soldiers open his eyes to the fact that war is good for business, both for the army and for the many civilian contractors who supply them. At first, Jim can’t believe that profit will be the cause of so much human suffering, but he is still young and not as jaded as the veterans of the Wild West. The book implies that violence is at best futile and, at worst, evil but most of the characters are cynical about the possibility of doing anything about political machinations. The only constructive response to this darkness lies in is the possibility of helping people on an individual basis. Victorio’s sister leaves the band to return one child to safety, and at the end of the book, Jim makes the same choice. It is a powerful message that one small act one person may perform is not only worthwhile, but heroic. As well as bringing up the question of the origins of war and who profits from them, Victorio’s War is specifically about the bloody battle to eliminate the Aboriginal people of America, a topic not often considered in popular culture or in children’s books.

     Victorio’s War is very much a story about male freedom and male bonding, and this aspect of the story will probably appeal most to readers. Even though Jim is in some ways a loner, following his own calling and his own instincts, he is rarely outside the company of men. It’s not an aspect of life in the Wild West or the military that is ever overtly discussed, but it is worth remarking on. It does make this trilogy a world without many women and, while it might seem inevitable, these less-than-convincing female characters are a bit of a weakness.

     Wilson is a self-confessed history addict, and his enthusiasm for creating believable stories about the past, as well as his attention to detail, has been obvious throughout the series. Victorio’s War seems more realistic and authentic than many other novels about this time period, and it keeps the setting lively and entertaining for the (mostly) boys who will fall in love with the idea of a teenager on a momentous adventure.

source text: from the sketch here given it will be seen, that our good grandmothers differed considerably in their ideas of a fine figure, from their scantily dressed descendants of the present day. a fine lady, in those times, waddled under more clothes even on a fair summer's day, than would have clad the whole bevy of a modern ball room. nor were they the less admired by the gentlemen in consequence thereof. on the contrary, the greatness of a lover's passion seemed to increase in proportion to the magnitude of its object—and a voluminous damsel, arrayed in a dozen of petticoats, was declared by a low-dutch sonnetteer of the province, to be radiant as a sunflower, and luxuriant as a full blown cabbage. certain it is, that in those days, the heart of a lover could not contain more than one lady at a time; whereas the heart of a modern gallant has often room enough to accommodate half a dozen - - the reason of which i conclude to be, either that the hearts of the gentlemen have grown larger, or the persons of the ladies smaller — this however is a question for physiologists to determine. add punctuation to the following excerpt. writing under the name of diedrich knickerbocker washington irving aimed his potent satire at as diverse topics as political rivals such as thomas jefferson to the very ideal of looking back on the past affectionately: a fine lady, in those times, waddled under more clothes even on a fair summer's day, than would have clad the whole bevy of a modern ball room. a voluminous damsel, arrayed in a dozen of petticoats, was declared by a low-dutch sonnetteer of the province, to be radiant as a sunflower, and luxuriant as a full blown cabbage. in those days, the heart of a lover could not contain more than one lady at a time; whereas the heart of a modern gallant has often room enough to accommodate half a dozen

the first proposition is to question economic materialism and victorian christianity. the lines are:

“it moves us not.—great god! i'd rather be

a pagan suckled in a creed outworn; ”

wordsworth is stating that nature no longer interests mankind, that the latter is not “moved” by it and explains that ancient western paganism had a more positive attitude concerning nature since it lacked the perv erted judaeo-christian interpretation of having received the world and all its animals and elements from god to use as we , instead of humans actually being not only part of nature but its wardens, meant to appreciate it and protect it.

the next lines are:

“so might i, standing on this pleasant lea,

have glimpses that would make me less forlorn;

have sight of proteus coming from the sea;

or hear old triton blow his wreathed horn.”

wordsworth here make it very clear that by actually looking and contemplating nature, human beings would reconnect with happiness, serenity and purpose. the use of mythological figures is quite evocative as well, proteus is a greek mythological god of the changing sea. he personifies the sea that changes, which symbolizes the way nature changes and inevitably can change to be destructive not only due to natural causes but to human pollution. furthermore, the sea is even more symbolic since all life originated in the sea so it is not only our past but our future since no life form in our planet can survive without water and if all water is destroyed in earth all life will be gone as well.

he then uses triton which is symbolic of the synthesis of both nature and mankind. triton is a mythological greek god that has the upper body of a man and the lower body of a fish (a merman). this human fish duality evokes the fact that humans are not only human but also part of nature, the fish tail representing nature. the main attribute of this god was that he used a conch shell as a horn to calm the roaring seas. in other words, triton uses nature through science for the benefit of human sailors who risk death during tempests. with the use of such metaphor, wordworth is conveying the message that human technology   is supposed to use nature to preserve nature and thereby humanity as well.