The u. s. supreme court ruling in gilbert v. california determined that handwriting samples are an individual characteristic. this ruling established what precedent about requiring suspects to provide handwriting samples? a) handwriting samples may be obtained without an individual's consent. b) non-requested handwriting samples are not considered valid evidence in court. c) requiring handwriting samples is a violation of an individual's fifth amendment right. d) requiring handwriting samples is not a violation of an individual's fifth amendment right.