Cause and effect or problem and solution.
1. an essay about how to prevent teenagers from joining gangs.
2. a book about what people can do to stop various species becoming extinct.

Which of the following is not true about using your local library as a resource while doing research? a. searching library catalogs can you narrow your topic, as well as give you ideas about what resources are available to you. b. most libraries now have searchable databases and many other resources accessible online. c. using the library as a resource is a bit more time consuming, because it cannot be done from home. d. all of the above statements are true.

1. in "the legend of sleepy hollow," how does his habit of reading frightening tales in the afternoon affect ichabod crane? a. it makes him fall asleep next to the brook by his schoolhouse. b. it makes him think about creating scary stories of his own. c. it makes him nervous and fearful at night. d. it makes him that there is no danger in sleepy hollow. 2. in "the legend of sleepy hollow," how does brom bones feel when he sees ichabod crane dancing with katrina van tassel at the party? a. relieved b. bored c. confused d. jealous 3. in "the legend of sleepy hollow," what happens to ichabod crane after he leaves the party? a. he is challenged to a duel by brom bones. b. he is fired from his job and asked to leave sleepy hollow. c. he is married to katrina van tassel and they live happily ever after. d. he is chased by someone he believes to be the headless horseman. 4. how do the villagers react to rip van winkle when he first returns to town after disappearing for 20 years? a. they are kind to him. b. they ignore him. c. they are suspicious of him. d. they celebrate him as a hero. 5. which best describes rip van winkle? a. he's smart, funny, and generous, but he's also spiteful. b. he's sweet, romantic, and handsome, but he's also impatient. c. he's simple, good-natured, and well-liked, but he's also lazy. d. he's old, wise, and friendly, but he also has a short temper 6. which best describes "rip van winkle"? a. it is an american epic. b. it is a true story. c. it is a ballad. d. it is an american legend. -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-

Which word best describes the author's tone in this excerpt from "that spot" by jack london? i don’t think much of stephen mackaye any more, though i used to swear by him. i know that in those days i loved him more than my own brother. if ever i meet stephen mackaye again, i shall not be responsible for my actions. it passes beyond me that a man with whom i shared food and blanket, and with whom i mushed over the chilcoot trail, should turn out the way he did. i always sized steve up as a square man, a kindly comrade, without an iota of anything vindictive or malicious in his nature. i shall never trust my judgment in men again. why, i nursed that man through typhoid fever; we starved together on the headwaters of the stewart; and he saved my life on the little salmon. and now, after the years we were together, all i can say of stephen mackaye is that he is the meanest man i ever knew. a. excited b. ironic c. indignant d. playful