Theories that attempt to explain the "natural history" of a criminal career from its start (onset), the course it follows and its termination (end). multiple forces—biological, social, psychological, economic and political forces-may combine to produce crime. these theories maintain that criminality is a dynamic process, influenced by social experiences as well as individual characteristics. these theories are known as:

Read the excerpt from a history of the world in 100 objects. power is usually not willingly given, but forcefully taken; and in both europe and america the nineteenth century was punctuated by political protest, with periodic revolutions on the continent, the civil war in america and, in britain, a steady struggle to widen the suffrage. what would be a benefit of reading this text rather than listening to an audio version of it? the reader could analyze the text features in the excerpt. the reader could visualize the description given. the reader could set his or her own pace and reread parts for clarity. the reader could hear the sounds of the political protest.

Read the sentence from susan b. anthony's "on women's right to vote." hence, every discrimination against women in the constitutions and laws of the several states is today null and void, precisely as is every one against negroes. in this sentence, the author's tone is best described as

How is stockton’s concept of romantic love different from checkhovs if their stories are an indication of their views