The people who organize races like the motorola marathon have started to take cheating very seriously. many race organizers use a combination of methods to prevent cheating and to catch cheaters. one way is to attach a small computerized chip to a competitor's shoe. the chip is lightweight and a little bigger than a quarter. the chip tracks a runner's time at different points on the course. this determines whether he or she ran the entire distance. computer chips alone will not expose all cheaters, however. race officials also used video cameras at secret locations to watch runners. they also scatter volunteers throughout the course. the volunteers watch the runners and write down their numbers and times. sometimes race officials can catch a cheater just by looking at him or her. irregular sweat patterns in clothing, a lack of salt stains on a runner's face, and inappropriate clothes are telltale signs of cheating. those who dare to cheat better have the course memorized and be prepared to identify runners they saw along the way. race officials can be pretty nosy if they have suspicions.

which of these is the best summary of the passage?

The best summary of the passage-Cheating in marathons:

The organizers of Marathons have started adopting various ways and means to identify and track cheating in races. They are using a combination of humans and technology to do so. From a lightweight computerized chip attached to the participant’s shoe keeping track of his time at different points, installing secret video cameras at secret locations on the course to employing volunteers staying scattered on the course, keeping an eye on the runners recording their number and time, they do it all.

Apart from that, irregular sweat patterns, lack of salt stains on a runner’s face and inappropriate clothing also help. Remembering the course and other runners on the way well are the precautions runners should take to save themselves.

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explanation:

the correct option is c) “logical reasons.”

writers should explain their position by writing logical reasons. in order to build effective arguments, clear evidence and logical ideas should be used to support the writers’ position.

counterclaims are used when the writers do not agree with a claim proposed by another author.

fair rebuttals are used by writers when a counterclaim to their position is being presented.