Which option is an example of the authors use of logos in “lifeboat ethics: the case against the poor”?

a. the author references several historical and literary figures, adding to his credibility

b. the author quotes people who are authorities on the topic of famine relief and hunger

c. the author provides the population rates of the united states and several other countries

d. the author divides people into categories of “us” and “them,” a tactic to scare the audience