Read the excerpt from "a modest proposal."

a very worthy person, a true lover of his country, and whose virtues i highly esteem, was lately , in discoursing on this matter, to offer a refinement upon my scheme. he said, that many gentlemen of this kingdom, having of late destroyed their deer, he conceived that the want of venison might be well supply'd by the bodies of young lads and maidens, not exceeding fourteen years of age, nor under twelve; so great a number of both sexes in every country being now ready to starve for want of work and service.

which statement best describes swift’s use of rhetorical devices in this excerpt?

swift uses a false premise when he says that people of the kingdom are in “want of venison.”
swift uses irony when he says “so great a number of both sexes” are in desperate need of “work and service.”
swift uses irony when he says the person with whom he discussed his plan is “very worthy” and “a true lover of this country.”
swift uses a false premise when he says the “gentlemen of the kingdom” have “destroyed their deer.”

Swift uses a false premise when he says the "gentlemen of the kingdom" have "destroyed their deer".

Explanation:

When stating or using the term "gentlemen", that is usually used in a positive connotation.  In other words, a true gentleman would not have killed all of their deer leaving them with no food.  The plan to kill all the kids ages 12-14 to use for food is the scheme they are referring to, and they are in need of deer, so the first three choices do not work.

C. Swift uses irony when he says the person with whom he discussed his plan is “very worthy” and “a true lover of this country.”

what: when quoting a source, use the author’s words verbatim, or word-for-word. this means you shouldn’t change any grammar, punctuation, spelling, etc. put quotations around the words to tell your reader where the quote begins and where it ends.

you also need to acknowledge the author. for example, if using mla format for your research paper, you should have in-text citations with the author’s name and page number listed at the end of each quote.

when: use quotations to provide concrete examples to support your claims. using direct quotations is a great way to build your credibility on the subject. it’s also a good idea to quote your source when the author states things in a powerful way. if you think he or she said it best, then use the exact words to share the ideas.

example: in the short story “a jury of her peers”, mrs. hale compares mrs. wright to her caged bird, saying “she—come to think of it, she was kind of like a bird herself. real sweet and pretty, but kind of timid and—fluttery. how—she—did—change” (glaspell).

paraphrasing

what: paraphrasing differs from quoting because you restate the passage in your own words. since you don’t use the author’s words, you don’t need to use quotation marks. however, you still need to acknowledge the author for his or her ideas.

when paraphrasing a text, you should communicate the full meaning of the text; don’t change the meaning. it can be a condensed version of the text, or it could end up being longer than the source it’s paraphrasing.

when: you use paraphrasing when you take notes, or explain a chart or diagram to someone. paraphrasing highlight the important parts of a larger text. it also allows you to simplify the ideas for your readers.

example:

original: “it was no ordinary thing that called her away–it was probably further from ordinary than anything that had ever happened in dickson county. but what her eye took in was that her kitchen was in no shape for leaving: her bread all ready for mixing, half the flour sifted and half unsifted” (glaspell).

paraphrase: as mrs. hales walks around mrs. wright’s home, she notices that the kitchen is in disarray as if she was in the middle of baking bread (glaspell).