The ruler promised against the country's enemies.

options:
al-queda
absolute
upheaval
jihad

Jihad is a struggle or fight against the enemies of Islam. so I think that would be the only answer that would make any sense. I hope it is right!

realistic fiction depicts life and society in a true to life  manner.

its main characters are dynamic.

they grow and transform with their experiences, making it easier for readers to  relate to them.

this genre primarily focuses on the  daily struggles  of ordinary people, validating their experiences.

hope that ! : )

21 balloons is the story of professor william sherman's travels.

in 1883, he set off from san francisco for a balloon ride over the pacific and was found a month later floating with 21 balloons in the atlantic ocean. this seemed an astounding feat and everyone wanted to know what had happened.    

professor sherman was loyal, however, and said he would tell his tale first to the western american explorers club in san francisco, of which he was a member. this built up suspense for several chapters before he began to tell of the wonders of his adventures and the amazing island of krakatoa, an island which had just been blown up by a volcano.  

the residents of krakatoa are all millionaires who live under a "gourmet government" of their own devising. we get to see all the incredible adventures that creative people with unlimited resources would create according to the author.