The clause in the underlined part of sentence 3 is a(n) clause.

dependent (because it can not stand by its self)

A dependent and essential adjective clause.

Explanation:

A dependent clause is a clause that does not express a complete thought on its own, and therefore it cannot stand by itself, it needs to depend on another clause to have sense. In a sentence, this type of clause may function as an adjective, adverb or noun.

In the sentence: Wherever there are animal droppings, there is a constants rain of organic matter that feeds the bottom dwellers, the last clause works as an adjective because it describes the noun "organic matter". And, at the same time, this adjective clause is essential because it is not set off by commas and its information is necessary to fully understand the sentence.

everyman: morality play

which phrase in this excerpt from the play everyman refers to god's judgment of people's souls after their death?

messenger: . .

ye think sin in the beginning full sweet,

which in( the end) causeth thy soul to weep,

when the body lieth in clay.

here shall you see how fellowship and jollity,

both strength, pleasure, and beauty,

will fade from thee as flower in may.

for ye shall hear, how our heavenly king

calleth everyman to a (general reckoning):

give audience, and hear what he doth say.

god: i perceive here in my majesty,

how that all the creatures be to me unkind,

living without dread in worldly prosperity:

of (ghostly sight) the people be so blind,

drowned in sin, they know me not for their god;

in worldly riches is all their mind,

they fear not( my righteousness), the sharp rod;

(my law that i shewed), when i for them die

hopefully this !

conclusions made on the basis of unstated or stated evidence are called inferences