Read the passage. music and the brain paragraph # 3 - recent brain research has shown some surprising benefits as a result of formal musical training. learning to play a musical instrument appears to develop parts of the brain that can even influence academic results. the studies indicate that the earlier a child begins training, the more benefits there are. one such study showed that children who began musical studies before the age of seven had a more developed brain in the region where language production and auditory processing take place. scientists believe there is mounting evidence to show that early musical training can improve brain function. paragraph 5 neuroscientists have suggested that playing an instrument, especially at an early age, can improve how the brain interprets sensory information. music (singing or playing an instrument) also positively affects memory. apparently, music activates both the right and left sides of the brain simultaneously and this activity increases efficiency in processing information. in one study, researchers found the areas of the brain that affect language skill and “executive function” were more developed in musically trained students. the executive function is the planning center of your brain, where you figure out what must get done, and how to do it in the time that exists. how does paragraph 5 refine the ideas about brain research in paragraph 3? it builds an appreciation for the neuroscientist researchers who led the musical training studies. it gives more precise examples of how musical training can change the brain. it provides specific data about academic performance drawn from the brain research. it uses logical reasoning to support the claim of brain benefits that arise from musical training.