Read the passage from sugar changed the world. knowing that their slaves were likely to die by the time they reached their thirties, louisiana sugar planters were extremely selective—they bought only healthy-looking young men in their late teens. on average, the men purchased in louisiana were an inch taller than the people bought in the other slave states. those teenagers made up seven to eight out of every ten slaves brought to america's sugar hell. the others were younger teenage girls, around fifteen to sixteen years old. their job, for the rest of their short lives, was to have children. elizabeth ross hite knew that, for sure, "all de master wanted was fo' dem wimmen to hav children." enslaved children would be put to work or sold. the overseer s. b. raby explained, "rachel had a 'fine boy' last sunday. our crop of negroes will i think make up any deficiencies there may be in the cane crop." that is, a master could sell any slaves who managed to live, if he needed more money than he could make from sugar. jazz was born in louisiana. could it be that a population of teenagers, almost all of them male, were inspired to develop their own music as a way to speak, to compete, to announce who they were to the world? bomba in puerto rico, maculelê in brazil, jazz in louisiana—all gave people a chance to be alive, to be human, to have ideas, and dreams, and passions when their owners claimed they were just cogs in machinery built to produce sugar. how do the authors use historical evidence to support their claim in this passage? they argue that youth and gender are advantages when inventing entirely new forms of music. they argue that plantation owners acted against their own economic interests when they selected enslaved young men. they argue that different forms of music, such as jazz and bomba, came out of different types of hardship. they argue that extremely difficult conditions inspired enslaved young men to invent new forms of music.

Industrialization in europe changed the way people lived. the urban working class came into being, and with it came the drudgery of work. which two parts of this excerpt from franz kafka's the metamorphosis most closely reflect this impact of industrialization on people's lives? "what's happened to me? " he thought. it wasn't a dream. his room, a proper human room although a little too small, lay peacefully between its four familiar walls. a collection of textile samples lay spread out on the table—samsa was a travelling salesman—and above it there hung a picture that he had recently cut out of an illustrated magazine and housed in a nice, gilded frame. it showed a lady fitted out with a fur hat and fur boa who sat upright, raising a heavy fur muff that covered the whole of her lower arm towards the viewer. gregor then turned to look out the window at the dull weather. drops of rain could be heard hitting the pane, which made him feel quite sad. "how about if i sleep a little bit longer and forget all this nonsense," he thought, but that was something he was unable to do because he was used to sleeping on his right, and in his present state couldn't get into that position. however hard he threw himself onto his right, he always rolled back to where he was. he must have tried it a hundred times, shut his eyes so that he wouldn't have to look at the floundering legs, and only stopped when he began to feel a mild, dull pain there that he had never felt before. "oh, no", he thought, "what a strenuous career it is that i've chosen! travelling day in and day out. doing business like this takes much more effort than doing your own business at home, and on top of that there's the curse of travelling, worries about making train connections, bad and irregular food, contact with different people all the time so that you can never get to know anyone or become friendly with them. they can all go away! " he felt a slight itch up on his belly; pushed himself slowly up on his back towards the headboard so that he could lift his head better; found where the itch was, and saw that it was covered with lots of little white spots which he didn't know what to make of; and when he tried to feel the place with one of his legs he drew it quickly back because as soon as he touched it he was overcome by a cold shudder. he slid back into his former position. "getting up early all the time", he thought, "it makes you stupid. you've got to get enough sleep. other travelling salesmen live a life of luxury. for instance, whenever i go back to the guest house during the morning to copy out the contract, these gentlemen are always still sitting there eating their breakfasts. i ought to just try that with my boss; i'd get kicked out on the spot. but who knows, maybe that would be the best thing for me. if i didn't have my parents to think about i'd have given in my notice a long time ago, i'd have gone up to the boss and told him just what i think, tell him everything i would, let him know just what i feel."