After taking his dogs for a walk, eric would bring the dogs in the kitchen, make them sit, and then give them a treat. pretty soon, after every walk, the dogs would automatically go into the kitchen, sit, and wait for a treat. this is an example of
habituation
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
latent learning

Classical conditioning.

Classical conditioning happens when an individual learns to associate two stimuli. This happens when an association is learned between an unconditioned stimulus and a conditioned stimulus. 

Operant conditioning happens when an individual associates a behaviour with a consequence. For example, when a behaviour produces a good consequence; the individual is conditioned to repeat the behaviour to garner the same good consequence, and vice versa.