The hearth is desolate. the children, the unconscious children, who once sang and danced in her presence, are gone. she gropes her way, and the darkness of age, for a drink of water. instead of the voices of her children, she hears by day the moans of the dove, and by night the screams of the hideous owl. all is gloom. the grave is at the door. and now, when weighed down by the pains and aches of old age, when the head inclines to the feet, when the beginning and ending of human existence meet, and infancy and painful old age combine together — at this time, this most needful time, the time for the exercise of that tenderness and affection which children only can exercise towards the decline parent — my poor old grandmother, the devoted mother of 12 children, is left all alone, in yonder little hut, before a few dim embers. she stands — she sits — she staggers — she falls — she groans — she dies — and there are none of her children or grandchildren present to wipe from her wrinkled brow the cold sweat of death, or to place beneath the sod her fallen remains. will not a righteous god visit for these things?

Summarize in 3-5 complete sentences the conditions of life on the reservation as depicted by chief red cloud’s speech. cite evidence from the text to support your answer.

Fortify is a verb that means “to protect and strengthen.” a fortifications is a that means something that protects.

Lesson 10: crossing borders: unit test “borders” 1.what does the mother’s refusal to state her nationality as canadian or american signify? a)that she resents governmental interference with her life b)that she identifies with neither country c)that she comes from somewhere else d)that she is stubborn and proud 4.the author’s chosen visual images,sensory details, and dialogue all convey a particular feeling in “delfino ii: diez in the desert.” thus feeling is known as: a)tone b)mood c)pathos 5.compare and contrast the poem “mexicans begin jogging” and the story “delfino ii: diez in the desert.” a)both are written about similar themes (immigration), but the story has a more serious mood than the poem b)both focus on mexican immigrants, but the story has a lighter tone than the poem. c)both main characters are afraid: diez is afraid of being caught smuggling people over the border, and soto is afraid of being caught working illegally. d)the tone in both selections is similar, but the subject matter differs slightly. 15. the tone of the poem “ka’ba” versus the tone of the poem “harlem ii” might be described as a)grateful vs ungrateful b)certain vs doubtful c) hurtful vs defeated d)safe vs dangerous