Using the excerpt above as a starting point, answer the following prompt in a well-rounded essay of at least 300 words. the animals’ revolution began as an uprising against the cruel treatment of mr. jones, with the pigs leading the crusade for equality. however, through the course of the novel, there is a significant shift. describe, in detail, this shift and its irony. how does the excerpt above represent that shift? how does the change on the farm reflect orwell’s larger allegorical message?

Answer & Explanation:

Animal Farm is an allegory to the Russian Revolution. The Russian Revolution was the overthrown of one tyrant, Czar Nicholas II, and eventual replacement with another, Josef Stalin. Since George Orwell wrote  Animal Farm  to model and critique the Russian Revolution. In the story, the animals decide to revolt against the cruel Mr. Jones, on account of Old Major's vision that things could be better. Jones is easily overthrown since he has become an inefficient and ineffective farmer. The animals; hope for the fair and free society that Old Major told them about now seems closer than ever before. However, there is a subtle distinction between pigs and other animals that proves disastrous. The pigs begin getting special privileges under the guise of protecting the animals from Jones. They claim that only they can govern because the other animals are not smart enough. Once the pigs get established, however, the shift occurs. Snowball and Napoleon had two visions for the farm and kept a check on each other's power. However, Napoleon uses Jessie and Bluebell's puppies to forcefully and violently remove Snowball.  With Snowball gone, the democratic processes that had been going on, such as Sunday meetings are abolished and Napoleon becomes a dictator. By the end of the novel, Napoleon has abused power in every way he can, including sending one of his best followers, Boxer the horse, to his death. After the commandments have been removed and replaced with "ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL BUT SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS," the animals are no longer surprised at the pigs' tyranny, or even their resemblance to the animals old master, Mr; Jones. The excerpt above shows that any remaining hope for a democratic society has been squelched. There are many examples of irony in this story, just as there are in the Russian Revolution. In both cases, the overarching irony is that people fought for freedom and democracy, but ended up restoring the very repression they were fighting against. By the end of  Animal Farm, Napoleon is no different than Jones. He is even more like in Jones in that Boxer's fate, going to the knacker, occurs under Napoleon that same as it would've under Jones.

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the civil rights act was passed on april 9, 1866 by a republican dominated congress. it was passed over president johnson's veto, in an effort to push back against discrimination of african americans.