Tragedy, then, is . . in language embellished with each kind of artistic ornament, the several kinds being found in separate parts of the play . . in your own words, summarize aristotle’s definition of tragedy.

In the above excerpt, Aristotle wants to focus on the importance of words in a tragedy. He says that songs and dialogue need to be placed separately in a tragedy. Dialogues are to be said by the characters when they are on stage and chorus has to be sung when they offstage to engage the audience in the play.

Aristotle in his famous book “Poetics” lays down the characteristics essential for a tragedy to be a perfect one. For Aristotle, any tragedy is a perfect tragedy when the action has seriousness, magnitude and is complete in itself. Peripeteia, anagnorisis, and catharsis are some of the essential features of a perfect tragedy according to Aristotle. King Oedipus from the Greek mythology possess all the characteristics of a perfect tragedy. Oedipus undergoes a reversal of fortune as he suffers from happiness to sorrow and misery which is said to be termed as hamartia. This draws him to the state of anagnorisis which is the result of peripeteia. Catharsis is the state which further comes in the life of the protagonist with the discovery which leads to great pain and sufferings to both the hero and the audience. Oedipus discovers that the man he had killed was his own biological father and the woman he had married was his own biological mother. This knowledge about the reality left him in great distress and loneliness. This created a feeling of pity and fear in the minds of the audience as according to Aristotle, a tragedy is successful when it can arouse the feeling of pity and fear in the minds of the viewers. Aristotle speaks of the language, diction and thought to be as simple that it may reach the maximum audience. For him, the plot creation is of utmost importance. Any episode or event in the story should have a proper connection with the main plot.

A summary of Aristotle's definition of tragedy, in my own words: tragedy is an artistic gesture compiled of numerous literary devices that aid in the development of the play.

yes, it can be both.