1. in the year 400 ce the and were ruled by romans. (select all that apply) a. anglo-saxons b. britain c. celts 2. when the roman empire crumbled, four tribes (angles, saxons, jutes, frisians) sailed across the water, did away with the celts, and formed in the british isles. a. germanic; clans b. germanic; kingdoms c. nordic; clans 3. the germanic language of the anglo saxons became the common language, what we call a. old english b. german c. modern english 4. in the 700’s a series of invasions began - ultimately splitting the island in half - and bringing a new language influence, old norse. a. nordic b. germanic c. viking 5. in 1066 the brought war again to the british isles. as a result, for three centuries french was the language of the british royalty. a. germanic conquest b. norman conquest c. irish army 6. the french also brought roman catholic clergymen with them, which brought words to the language. a. french b. latin c. nordic 7. the connotation of nobility and authority has persisted around words of origin a. french b. germanic c. latin 8. the connotation of “real people”, the “salt of the earth” has persisted around words of origin. a. anglo-saxon b. germanic c. latin 9. a british judge, sir discovered the connections between languages and ancient sanskrit language - that certain words were all part of the same language family. a. william wallace b. william jones c. william smith 10. english, danish, and dutch languages are all part of the same category of languages - the tongues. a. germanic b. nordic c. anglo-saxon 11. the germanic tribes, the ancestors of english, include these four tribes:and (select all that apply) a. jutes b. angles c. british d. saxons e. frisians 12. the languages the four tribes spoke blended together and came to be known as anglo saxon (or old english). a. true b. false 13. anyone who knows modern will understand the basic principles of old english and its structural difference from the english we speak today. a. english b. german c. french question 14 (1 point) it’s the word that convey much of the grammar in old english. (not the prepositions) *it’s the of the words, not the word order, that conveys the meaning. a. endings; meaning b. endings; origin c. endings; form 15. many of the basic of our language (words like the, this, that, i, me, him, it) are anglo-saxon words. a. words b. tools c. nouns

1. In the year 400 CE the Anglo-saxons and Celts were ruled by Romans.

2. When the Roman Empire crumbled, four Germanic tribes (Angles, Saxons, Jutes, Frisians) sailed across the water, did away with the Celts, and formed kingdoms in the British Isles.

3. The Germanic language of the Anglo Saxons became the common language, what we call old English.

4. In the 700’s a series of Vikings invasions began - ultimately splitting the island in half - and bringing a new language influence, Old Norse.

5. In 1066 the Norman Conquest brought war again to the British Isles. As a result, for three centuries French was the language of the British royalty.

6. The French also brought Roman Catholic clergymen with them, which brought Latin words to the language.

7. The connotation of nobility and authority has persisted around words of Germanic origin

8. The connotation of “real people”, the “salt of the earth” has persisted around words of Latin origin.

9. A British judge, Sir William Jones discovered the connections between languages and ancient Sanskrit language - that certain words were all part of the same language family.

10. English, Danish, and Dutch languages are all part of the same category of languages - the Germanic tongues.

11. The Germanic tribes, the ancestors of English, include these four tribes: Anglos, Saxons, Jutes and Frisians

12. True

13. Anyone who knows modern English will understand the basic principles of Old English and its structural difference from the English we speak today.  

14. It’s the word endings that convey much of the grammar in Old English. (not the prepositions)  

*It’s the form of the words, not the word order, that conveys the meaning.

15. Many of the basic words of our language (words like the, this, that, I, me, him, it) are Anglo-Saxon words.

formal arguments

in written, formal arguments, the best way to build credibility with readers is to provide them with evidence. no matter what your argument might be and which side you agree with, citing strong evidence to back up your claim leaves the opposition with little to argue.

emotional appeal is often used in oral arguments. written arguments, however, rely on four main types of evidence. as you read further, you will see that some types are more credible than others and "hold more water" so to speak.

statistical evidence

the strongest type of evidence in formal writing is statistical evidence. this ranges from true, hard data presented as a percentage or number, to survey-type data. for example, statistical evidence could be:

4 out of 5 experts claim

85% of women in the united

7 members were present

statistical evidence can be proven as fact. you can actually go out and find hard information to prove your particular claim.

testimonial evidence

the use of celebrities as credibility evidence can be considered testimonial in nature. many people look up to celebrities as role models in their lives. good or bad, when a person chooses a life-path that takes them into public light, there will be many others out there who want to emulate the celebrity. these celebrity endorsements provide the second-strongest type of evidence found in formal arguments.

testimonial evidence can also be collected from experts and authorities in a given field. doctors, dentists, lawyers often provide expert testimonials. their authority is not often questions. they are expected to "know their stuff."

anecdotal evidence

when storytelling is involved as evidence, anecdotal evidence is being used. due to its less objective nature, anecdotal evidence is not extremely strong. when coupled with statistical or testimonial evidence, anecdotal evidence can be highly effective in determining credibility or proof.

storytelling, although based on fact, can include quite a bit of opinion, thus making it less objective. usually, eyewitnesses are used as providers of anecdotal evidence. they saw or experienced the phenomenon at hand are telling their version or side of the story.

analogical evidence

when information is scarce about something and little is known, analogical evidence is often used in a formal argument to increase credibility of the proof. if the phenomenon in question is new and little is known about it, analogical evidence that pulls in known factors about a similar phenomenon to show parallels can be an effective way to provide proof.

due to limited knowledge about the phenomenon, in this situation, analogical evidence can be regarded as the weakest type of evidence used in formal arguments. one can only imagine and hope that the comparison-phenomenon is close enough that the results can be applied to the new phenomenon.

in the

all that really matters in a formal argument is whether or not the writer has credible evidence to back up what they want to say or what they are thinking. so often, we hear people say, "prove it! " to one another.

one last little formal arguments not only provide credible evidence to support claims, don't forget that acknowledgment of the opposing point of view in an argument also strengthens the entire product.