What element of a written work best determines if the work is sarcastic or not

Write one paragraph that evaluates the effectiveness of jack zipes's essay

Identify the participle or infinitive phrase in the sentence below

Which of the following is an appeal to reason? (5 points) a statistics or other facts that will bring audiences to a logical conclusion b positive references to the audience's sense of right versus wrong c strong organization and use of proper spelling, punctuation, and grammar d descriptions of events or places that have meanings to the audience