An operational amplifier has output voltage limits of 113 V and 214 V when used with a 615 V power supply. If the amplifier is used as a comparator, by what amount does v1 have to exceed v2 and v2 have to exceed v1 for the amplifier to be at limit if the open-loop gain A is (a) 100,000 (b) 600,000 (c) 2.6 3 106

Air inially occupying a volume of 1 m2 at 100 kpa, 27 c undergoes three internally reversible processes in series. process 1-2 compression to 500 kpa during which pv constant process 2-3 adiabatic expanslon to 100 kpa process 3-1: constant-pressure expansion to 100 kpa (a) calculate the change of entropy for each of the three processes. (b) calculate the heat and work involved in each process. (c) is this cycle a power cycle or refrigeration cycle?