The top-down method of estimating project time and costs that is useful for projects requiring the same task, group of tasks, or product repeated several times, especially if it is labor intensive, is the . a) function point
b) ratio
c) apportion
d) consensus
e) learning curves

Air is to be cooled in the evaporator section of a refrigerator by passing it over a bank of 0.8-cm-outer-diameter and 0.4-m-long tubes inside which the refrigerant is evaporating at -20°c. air approaches the tube bank in the normal direction at 0°c and 1 atm with a mean velocity of 4 m/s. the tubes are arranged in-line with longitudinal and transverse pitches of sl- st 1.5 cm. there are 30 rows in the flow direction with 15 tubes in each row. determine (a) the refrigeration capacity of this system and (b) pressure drop across the tube bank. evaluate the air properties at an assumed mean temperature of -5°c and 1 atm. is this a good assumption?

Derive the correction factor formula for conical nozzle i=-(1+ cosa) and calculate the nozzle angle correction factor for a nozzle whose divergence hal-fangle is 13 (hint: assume that all the mass flow originates at the apex of the cone.

What is the strain energy stored in a solid uniformly circular shaft of length 3.0 m and diameter 120 mm when subject to pure torsion if the maximum shear stress is 40 mpa? g-80gpa