Due to a special consideration for the passage of gas pipes through the steel beams of a bridge, a special pipes was proposed as shown in the accompanying diagram.

a) Determine the plastic section modulus of the section
b) Assuming the yield strength of steel is Fy and the shape factor is 1.2 determine the elastic moment.
S) Explain the philosophy of Limit State Design as regards to elastic and plastic analysis of steel structures.

Ahot wire operates at a temperature of 200°c while the air temperature is 20°c. the hot wire element is a tungsten wire of 5 um diameter and 2 mm in length. plot using excel current, heat transfer and heat generated by the wire for air velocity varying from 1-10 m/s in steps of lm/s? matlab the sensor voltage output, resistance, or assume nu 0.989 re033pr13 take air properties at tr (200°c20°c)/2 = 110°c properties of tungsten: c 0.13 kj/kg.k 3 p 19250 kg/m k (thermal conductivity) = 174 w/m.k