Which type of smoke indicates excessive fuel being burned in the combustion chamber

If you were designing a bumper for a car, would you prefer it to exhibit elastic or plastic deformation? why? consider the functions of a bumper in both a minor "fender-bender" and a major collision.

Oxygen at 300 kpa and 400 k is in a closed system with an initial volume of 0.1 m3. is now compressed in a polytropic process, with exponent of n 1.2, to a temperature of 500 k. calculate: a) the boundary work done during the compression, in kj b) the heat transfer during the compression, in kj

Cold water (cp=4180j/kg k) leadıng to a shower enters a thin-walled double-pipe heat transfer at 15c at a rate of 0.25kg/s and is heated to 45c by hot water (cp=4190j/kg k) that enters at 100c at the rate of 3kg/s. if the overall heat transfer coefficient is 950w /m2 k , determıne the rate of heat transfer and the heat transfer surface area of the heat exchanger using e - ntu method