Consider a step-down (buck) converter where all components are ideal, except the output diode, which has an on-state voltage drop (diode drop) ofVon. The converter is operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM). Derive anexpression for the output voltage in terms of duty cycle, input voltage, and diode drop. Derive a similar expressionfor efficiency. Comment under what conditions the efficiency is much less than 100%

For the closed feedwater heater below, feedwater enters state 3 at a pressure of 2000 psia and temperature of 420 °f at a rate of ix10 ibhr. the feedwat extracted steam enters state 1 at a pressure of 1000 psia and enthalpy of 1500 btu/lbm. the extracted er leaves at an enthalpy of 528.7 btu/lbm steam leaves as a saturated liquid. (16) a) determine the mass flow rate of the extraction steam used to heat the feedwater (10) b) determine the terminal temperature difference of the closed feedwater heater

Calculate the bore of a cylinder that has a stroke of 18 inches and an extension time of 6 seconds at a flow rate of 4 gal/min.

Ifa component is made of two or more materials with different modulus of elasticity (e), it is called a composite member and we calculate the factor·n". mention the formula for calculating n". also, ifn> 1, explain what will happen to the 1. transformed.gi) ifn 1, what will happen to the material when transformed material when