Modern high speed trains do not have perpendicular expansion gaps where rails are joined end-to-end any more they are mostly welded together but what might happen if there was a spell of particularly hot weather that causes inspection of the tracks?
Amixture of slurry and mud is to be pumped through a horizontal pipe of diameter 500 mm. the fluid behaves as a bingham plastic with a yield stress of 30 pa and viscosity 0.04 pa.s. describe the effects of the shear stress through a transverse section of the pipe by plotting the variation in shear stress and velocity profile: (i) just before the slurry starts to move (ii) as the slurry flows when the pressure gradient is double that in part (i)