Water flows upward at 4 m/s in a 6-cm-diameter pipe. The pipe length between points 1 and 2 is 5 m, and point 2 is 8 m higher. A mercury manometer, connected between 1 and 2, has a reading h = 135 mm, with p1 higher. A) What is the pressure change (p1 − p2)?
B) What is the head loss, in meters?
C) Is the manometer reading proportional to head loss? Explain.
D) What is the friction factor of the flow?

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Amixture of slurry and mud is to be pumped through a horizontal pipe of diameter 500 mm. the fluid behaves as a bingham plastic with a yield stress of 30 pa and viscosity 0.04 pa.s. describe the effects of the shear stress through a transverse section of the pipe by plotting the variation in shear stress and velocity profile: (i) just before the slurry starts to move (ii) as the slurry flows when the pressure gradient is double that in part (i)

At steady state, air at 200 kpa, 325 k, and mass flow rate of 0.5 kg/s enters an insulated duct having differing inlet and exit cross-sectional areas. the inlet cross-sectional area is 6 cm2. at the duct exit, the pressure of the air is 100 kpa and the velocity is 250 m/s. neglecting potential energy effects and modeling air as an 1.008 kj/kg k, determine ideal gas with constant cp = (a) the velocity of the air at the inlet, in m/s. (b) the temperature of the air at the exit, in k. (c) the exit cross-sectional area, in cm2