A rectangular beam having b=300 mm and d=575 mm, spans 5.5 m face to face of simple supports. It is reinforced for flexure with 4φ32 bars that continue uninterrupted to the ends of the span. It is to carry a service dead load wD=30 kN/m (including self-weight) and a service live load =45 kN/m both uniformly distributed along the span. Design the shear reinforcement using φ10 vertical U stirrups. Use the equation (a) for Vc. Material strengths are fc’=22 and fy=420 MPa

Afoot bridge is made as a simple deck, 4 m long, with a cross section 2 m (wide) and 20 cm thick, and made of wood. the deck is supported at the two ends. the maximum load allowable on the bridge is 10 tons, provided it is uniformly distributed on the deck. to sense this load, a strain gauge is placed at the center of the bridge and its resistance is monitored. if the sensor has a nominal resistance of 350 s2 and a gauge factor of 3.6, what is the reading of the strain gauge at maximum load? the modulus of elasticity for the wood used in the construction is 10 gpa.