A cylinder of diameter 100 mm and height 300 mm is subjected to open-die forging to accomplish a reduction in the height to 150 mm at high temperature. Calculate the magnitude of the force required to give this reduction in height if the strain rate is constant at 15 s-1. Assume the strength constant is 100 MPa and the strain rate sensitivity exponent is 0.15. Also assume that there is no effect of friction with the tooling and no work hardening.

Apiping systems consists of 6 m of 6-std type k and 12 m of 4-std type k, both drawn copper tubing. the system conveys ethylene glycol at a rate of 0.013 m3/s. the pressure drop across the system is to be calculated. there are two 90° elbows in the 6-in pipe, a reduction from the 6-in pipe to the 4-in pipe and four 90° elbows in the 4-in pipe. all fittings are soldered (same as flanged) and regular. the inlet and outlet of the system are at the same height.