Concrete is required for a bridge deck in Chicago. A specified compressive strength, f’c, of 4,500 psi is required at 28 days using Type I cement. The design calls for a minimum of 2.5 in. of concrete cover over the reinforcing steel. The minimum spacing between steel reinforcement is 5 in. The concrete should be designed to overcome all the environmental conditions encountered in Chicago. Refer to Textbook Chapter 12 of PCA – Design and Control of Concrete Mixes. Use the absolute volume method to design the concrete mix per 1 cubic yard. The materials

Apump is used to circulate hot water in a home heating system. water enters the well-insulated pump operating at steady state at a rate of 0.42 gal/min. the inlet pressure and temperature are 14.7 lbf/in.2, and 180°f, respectively; at the exit the pressure is 60 lbf/in.2 the pump requires 1/15 hp of power input. water can be modeled as an incompressible substance with constant density of 60.58 lb/ft3 and constant specific heat of 1 btu/lb or. neglecting kinetic and potential energy effects, determine the temperature change, in °r, as the water flows through the pump.

Refrigerant 134a enters an insulated compressor operating at steady state as saturated vapor at -26°c with a volumetric flow rate of 0.18 m3/s. refrigerant exits at 9 bar, 70°c. changes in kinetic and potential energy from inlet to exit can be ignored. determine the volumetric flow rate at the exit, in m3/s, and the compressor power, in kw.

Different types of steels contain different elements that alter the characteristics of the steel. for each of the following elements, explain what the element does when alloyed with steel.