Consider a fully ionized hydrogen plasma in a gravitational field in planar geometry. You may assume that both the protons and electrons each have an ideal, non-degenerate equation of state. 1. Argue that in the absence of an electric field, the protons would sink to the bottom of the atmosphere.

Amass of m 1.5 kg of steam is contained in a closed rigid container. initially the pressure and temperature of the steam are: p 1.5 mpa and t 240°c (superheated state), respectively. then the temperature drops to t2= 100°c as the result of heat transfer to the surroundings. determine: a) quality of the steam at the end of the process, b) heat transfer with the surroundings. for: p1.5 mpa and t 240°c: enthalpy of superheated vapour is 2900 kj/kg, specific volume of superheated vapour is 0. 1483 m/kg, while for t 100°c: enthalpy of saturated liquid water is 419kj/kg, specific volume of saturated liquid water is 0.001043m/kg, enthalpy of saturated vapour is 2676 kj/kg, specific volume of saturated vapour is 1.672 m/kg and pressure is 0.1 mpa.

Water at 55c flows across a flat plate whose surface temperature is held constant at 95c. if the temperature gradient at the plate's surface for a given value of x is 18 c/mm, find a) local heat transfer coefficient. b) heat flux

Manometers are good examples of measuring instruments, nowadays they are not as common as before. a)-capacitive probe gauges b)-gravitational gauges deformation ) gauges d)-digital gauges