Under standard conditions, a given reaction is endergonic (i. e., DG >0). Which of the following can render this reaction favorable: using the product immediately in the next step, maintaining a high starting-material concentration, or keeping a high product concentration

A3-mm-thick panel of aluminum alloy (k 177 w/m-k, c 875 j/kg-k and ? = 2770 kg/m) is finished on both sides with an epoxy coating that must be cured at or above t,-150°c for at least 5 min. the production line for the curing operation involves two steps: (1) heating in a large oven with air at ts,0-175°c and a convection coefficient of h, 40 w/m2. k, and (2) cooling in a large chamber with air at 25°c and a con- vection coefficient of he 10 w/m2.k. the heating portion of the process is conducted over a time interval te which exceeds the ime required to reach 150°c by 5 min (h = r + 300 s). the coating has an emissivity of ? = 0.8, and the temperatures of the oven and chamber walls are 175 and 25°c, respectively. if the panel is placed in the oven at an initial temperature of 25°c and removed from the chamber at a safe-to-touch tempera ture of 37°c, what is the total elapsed time for the two-step curing operation?

A12 mm diameter shaft runs in a plain cylindrical bush 30 mm long that is located in an 18 mm diameter hole in a housing. the shaft-inner bush fit is h8 f and the outer bush-housing fit is h7-p6. make a fully cimensioned sketch of the bush with tolerances. find the maximum and minimum clearance or interference for both fits on the inner and outer diameters of the bush

Avertical steel rod of length 2.0 m and diameter 25 mm is rigidly fixed at its upper end and has a flange at its lower, free, end. what will be the maximum stress produced in the rod when a load of 20 kn is applied, (a) gradually to the lower end, (b) suddenly to the lower end, (c) by a collar falling from a height of 50 mm on to the flange?