A city has an old 10-inch steel waterline still in service that they installed more than 80 years ago. The city installed monitoring equipment to determine if there was any deterioration of the pipeline wall. During one of the tests, the flowrate in a 1250-foot section of the pipeline was metered at 1200 gal/min and showed a headloss of 11.25 feet. The temperature of the water was 60° F.
(a) What is the observed friction factor in this pipeline?
(b) What is the Reynolds number for the fluid flow in the pipeline?
(c) What is the relative roughness of the steel pipe?

a) f = 0.0203, b) Re = 338999.254, c)

Explanation:

a) The Friction Factor is isolated in this formula:

The flowrate unit is converted to cubic feet per second:

The diameter unit is converted to feet:

The velocity is found by using this formula:

The friction factor is found after replacing the known variables:

b) The Reynolds number is given by this formula:

The density and dynamic viscosity of water at 60 °F are and , respectively. The Reynolds number is:

Since , the flow has a turbulent regime.

c) A relatively approach to estimate relative roughness of the steel pipe is using the Moody diagram in terms of friction factor and Reynolds number. The relative roughness of the steel pipe is approximately 0.0008.

answer:

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explanation:

answer:

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explanation:

d. represents both (b) and (c).

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b and c are to complicated.

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