The pipe is made of a-36 steel and is connected to the collars at a and b. when the temperature is 60° f, there is no axial load in the pipe. if hot gas traveling through the pipe causes its temperature to rise by where x is in feet, determine the average normal stress in the pipe. the inner diameter is 2 in., the wall thickness is 0.15 in. distance between a and b is 8ft.

Asolid cylinder is concentric with a straight pipe. the cylinder is 0.5 m long and has an outside diameter of 8 cm. the pipe has an inside diameter of 8.5 cm. the annulus between the cylinder ad the pipe contains stationary oil. the oil has a specific gravity of 0.92 and a kinematic viscosity of 5.57 x 10-4 m2/s. most nearly, what is the force needed to move the cylinder along the pipe at a constant velocity of 1 m/s?