1). an electronic pid temperature controller is at steady state with an output of 10 ma. the set point equals the initial steady-state process temperature. at t = 0, the error signal is increased at the rate of 0.4 ma/min, which is equivalent to a rate of 2°f/min. if the current settings are kc = 3 (dimensionless), τi = 1.5 min, τd = 0.5 min, then (a) derive an expression for the controller output p(t) (b) repeat (a) for τd = 0 (a pi controller only) (c) plot the two controller outputs and qualitatively discuss their differences. (d) what is the transmitter calibration of ma/°f? (e) say after 1 min, the error signal went back to zero. what would p(t) be in that case?

An air conditioning system consist of a 5 cm diameter pipe, operating at a pressure of 200 kpa. the air initially enters the pipe at 15°c with a velocity of 20 m/s and relative humidity of 80%. if the heat supply throughout the process is 960 w, determine the relative humidity and the temperature at the outlet

Which one from below is not one of the reasons of planning failures? (clo3) a)-planner is careless. b-planner spend less time in the field but more time on the desk c)-planner is not qualified d)-planner does not have sufficient time to properly plan

A3-mm-thick panel of aluminum alloy (k 177 w/m-k, c 875 j/kg-k and ? = 2770 kg/m) is finished on both sides with an epoxy coating that must be cured at or above t,-150°c for at least 5 min. the production line for the curing operation involves two steps: (1) heating in a large oven with air at ts,0-175°c and a convection coefficient of h, 40 w/m2. k, and (2) cooling in a large chamber with air at 25°c and a con- vection coefficient of he 10 w/m2.k. the heating portion of the process is conducted over a time interval te which exceeds the ime required to reach 150°c by 5 min (h = r + 300 s). the coating has an emissivity of ? = 0.8, and the temperatures of the oven and chamber walls are 175 and 25°c, respectively. if the panel is placed in the oven at an initial temperature of 25°c and removed from the chamber at a safe-to-touch tempera ture of 37°c, what is the total elapsed time for the two-step curing operation?