Explain why the following paradigm does not give a secure authenticated encryption, i. e. an encryption scheme that satisfies both ind-cpa security and ciphertext integrity (adversary cannot make new ciphertext without knowing the key or asking the encryption oracle). the paradigm encryption algorithm first runs an enc algorithm on message m to obtain c, and then runs a tag algorithm on message m and obtains σ, the final ciphertext will be (c, σ).

Asimple rankine cycle uses water as the working fluid. the water enters the turbine at 10 mpa and 480c while the condenser operates at 6 kpa. if the turbine has an isentropic efficiency of 80 percent while the pump has an isentropic efficiency of 70 percent determine the thermal efficiency

Tom is having a problem with his washing machine. he notices that the machine vibrates violently at a frequency of 1500 rpm due to an unknown rotating unbalance. the machine is mounted on 4 springs each having a stiffness of 10 kn/m. tom wishes to add an undamped vibration absorber attached by a spring under the machine the machine working frequency ranges between 800 rpm to 2000 rpm and its total mass while loaded is assumed to be 80 kg a) what should be the mass of the absorber added to the machine so that the natural frequency falls outside the working range? b) after a first trial of an absorber using a mass of 35 kg, the amplitude of the oscillation was found to be 10 cm. what is the value of the rotating unbalance? c) using me-3.5 kg.m, find the optimal absorber (by minimizing its mass). what would be the amplitude of the oscillation of the absorber?

Arigid tank contains 10 kg of air at 137 kpa (abs) and 21°c. more air is added to the tank until the pressure and temperature rise to 242 kpa (abs) and 32°c, respectively. determine the amount of air added to the tank. [r-0.287 kj/kg k]