In a boiler, heat is transferred from the products of combustion to the steam. the temperature of the products of combustion decreases from 1100oc to 550oc while the pressure remains constant at 0.1 mpa. the average constant pressure specific heat of the products of combustion is 1.09 kj/kg-k. the water enters at 0.8 mpa, 150oc and leaves at 0.8 mpa, 250oc. determine the exergy destroyed for this process per kilogram of water evaporated.

A3-mm-thick panel of aluminum alloy (k 177 w/m-k, c 875 j/kg-k and ? = 2770 kg/m) is finished on both sides with an epoxy coating that must be cured at or above t,-150°c for at least 5 min. the production line for the curing operation involves two steps: (1) heating in a large oven with air at ts,0-175°c and a convection coefficient of h, 40 w/m2. k, and (2) cooling in a large chamber with air at 25°c and a con- vection coefficient of he 10 w/m2.k. the heating portion of the process is conducted over a time interval te which exceeds the ime required to reach 150°c by 5 min (h = r + 300 s). the coating has an emissivity of ? = 0.8, and the temperatures of the oven and chamber walls are 175 and 25°c, respectively. if the panel is placed in the oven at an initial temperature of 25°c and removed from the chamber at a safe-to-touch tempera ture of 37°c, what is the total elapsed time for the two-step curing operation?