Two pipes are connected in series and are used to transfer water from reservoir a to reservoir b. both pipes have an equivalent sand roughness, ks, of 0.06 mm. a steady flow rate of 0.12 m3 /s is maintained in the pipes. the pipe diameters and lengths for pipe 1 and pipe 2 are d1 = 200 mm, l1 = 100 m; and d2 = 300 mm, l2 = 250 m, respectively. assume that the kinematic viscosity of water is 1×10? 6 m 2 /s . the entrance loss coefficient ki is 0.5, the exit loss coefficient ko is 1.0. the equation for minor loss at the expansion joint is {(v1-v2 )/ 2g} , where v1 and v2 are the flow velocities in pipe 1 and pipe 2, respectively, and g is acceleration due to gravity. determine the difference in water surface elevation (h) between the two reservoirs.

Ashielded metal arc-welding operation is accomplished in a work cell by a fitter and a welder. the fitter takes 5.5 min to load components into the welding fixture at the beginning of the work cycle, and 1.5 min to unload the completed weldment at the end of the cycle. the total ength of the weld seams 1200 mm, and the travel speed used by the welder averages 300 mm/min. every 600 mm of seam length, the welding stick must be changed, which takes 0.8 min. while the fitter is working, the welder is idle (resting): and while the welder is working the fitter is idle. (a) determine the average arc-on time as a fraction of the work cycle time. (b) how much improvement in arc-on time would result if the welder used flux-cored arc welding (manually operated), given that the spool of weld wire must be changed every 10 weldments, and it takes the welder 5.0 min to accomplish the change? (c) what are the production rates for these two cases (weldments completed per hour)? attach your work and solutions.