Languages such as COBOL and Fortran support a traditional approach to programming called the paradigm, which is based on a linear, step-by-step . Various planning tools, such as structured English, , and flowcharts, help programmers plan the steps for a procedural program. Procedural languages provide programmers with a variety of control structures for specifying the order of program execution. a. A(n) directs the computer to execute one or more instructions not coded as part of the main execution path of a program.
b. A(n) control provides a choice of paths based on whether a condition is true or false.
c. A(n) control, or loop, repeats one or more instructions until a certain condition is met.