1. Discuss attribute semantics as an informal measure of goodness for a relation schema. 
2. Discuss insertion, deletion, and modification anomalies. Why are they considered bad? Illustrate with examples.
3. Define fourth normal form. When is it violated? When is it typically applicable?
4. Define join dependency and fifth normal form.
5. Why is 5NF also called project-join normal form (PJNF)?
6. Why do practical database designs typically aim for BCNF and not aim for higher normal forms?

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Write the command that can be used to answer the following questions. (hint: try each out on the system to check your results.) a. find all files on the system that have the word test" as part of their filename. b. search the path variable for the pathname to the awk command. c. find all files in the /usr directory and subdirectories that are larger than 50 kilobytes in size. d. find all files in the /usr directory and subdirectories that are less than 70 kilobytes in size. e. find all files in the / directory and subdirectories that are symbolic links. f. find all files in the /var directory and subdirectories that were accessed less than 60 minutes ago. g. find all files in the /var directory and subdirectories that were accessed less than six days ago. h. find all files in the /home directory and subdirectories that are empty. i. find all files in the /etc directory and subdirectories that are owned by the group bin."