Excerpt from "how prepared are students for college level reading? applying a lexile-based approach."

despite recent national- and state-level legislative initiatives focusing on postsecondary success and an increasing emphasis on educational attainment to successfully enter the job market, high rates of enrollment in remedial college courses indicate that many students are graduating from high school unprepared for college-level work (strong american schools 2008; terry 2007).

how was it determined that students are graduating from high school unprepared for college-level work?

a) high rates of enrollment in remedial college courses
b) increasing emphasis on educational attainment to successfully enter the job market
c) national- and state-level initiatives focusing on postsecondary success
d) observing high school students who take college courses