.Explain how encrypting data during transmission protects it from being read by an unauthorised person who intercepts the transmission.

Encryption is an effective and efficient technique used to prevent unauthorized access to informations transmitted over the internet.

Explanation:

Encryption is a form of cryptography and typically involves the process of converting or encoding informations in plaintext into a code, known as a ciphertext. Once, an information or data has been encrypted it can only be accessed and deciphered by an authorized user.

Some examples of encryption algorithms are 3DES, AES, RC4, RC5, and RSA.

SSL/TLS are standard protocols that provides link encryption for the transmission of messages over the internet such as electronic mail (e-mail).

SSL is an acronym for Secured Socket Layer and it is one of the secured way of authenticating and encrypting data between a computer and the mail server.

In the case of TLS, it is an acronym for Transport Layer Security and it basically is used for providing authentication and encryption of data between two communicating systems on a network.

This ultimately implies that, SSL/TLS are standard network protocols that provides data integrity and privacy to users when communicating over the internet or networking devices as they're made to encrypt user credentials and data from unauthorized access. The SSL/TLS are an application layer protocol used for the encryption of mails sent over the internet, in order to protect user information such as username and password.