Explain the three schemes via which the binding of instructions and data to memory addresses can be done. In each scheme, how the logical address can be converted to physical address?

Compile time

Load time

Execution time

Explanation:

The binding of instructions can be done in three steps, which are:

Compile time

Load time

Execution time

• Compile time In compile time, absolute code is usually generated when the compile time where the process resides in the memory is known

• Load time - in contrary to compile time, if it is not known at compile time where the process will reside in memory, then the compiler has to generate a relocatable code. In this scenario, the final binding is usually delayed until load time.

• Execution time - if the process is able to be moved during its execution from a particular memory segment to another segment, then binding is delayed until run time.

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