Which mechanism in OOP is implemented by making instance variables private and providing accessor and mutator methods in a class

Encapsulation is implemented through making variables private and providing accessor and mutator methods in a class. Encapsulation is one of four pillars of OOP other three are Inheritance, Polymorphism and Abstraction.

Explanation:

Encapsulation provides data hiding through making variables private and providing access  through getter and setter or accessor and mutator in a class.

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