All the protocol layers of the internet (Application, Transport. Network) were originally without any security. TLS is one of the security architectures added later. In the Internet protocol stack. TLS is located:. 1. right above the application layer 2. right below the application layer 3. right below the transport layer 4. right above the IP layer

2. right below the application layer

Explanation:

TLS (Transport Layer Security) is an improved and more secured version of the SSL (Secure Socket Layer) used as cryptographic protocol for providing authentication and encryption over a network. It is initialized at the transport layer of the IP stack and finalized at the application layer. In other words, it is located between the transport and application layer of the Internet protocol stack. And this is necessary so that data received in the application layer from the transport layer are protected from start to end between these two layers.

Therefore, it is safe to say that the TLS is located right below the application layer.  

answer; peter zenger;