2. ARQ Protocols: Stop and Wait/Go Back N/Selective Repeat a. Why are we studying these protocols: Stop and Wait, Go Back N and Selective Repeat? b. Why do the protocols need sequence numbers (SN) to operate? c. Why do we need ACKs? d. Why do the protocols require a Timer? e. What are 3 different events that can cause the timer to expire in the ARQ protocols?

Alook-up table used to convert pixel values to output values on a monitor. essentially, all pixels with a value of 190 or above are shown as white (i.e. 255), and all values with a value of 63 or less are shown as black (i.e. 0). in between the pixels are scaled so that a pixel with a value p is converted to a pixel of value 2/127 −+3969). if a pixel has a value of 170 originally, what value will be used to display the pixel on the monitor? if a value of 110 is used to display the pixel on the monitor, what was the original value of the pixel?

Light travels at a speed of 186,000 miles a second. the distance light travels in a year is 5,865,690,000,000 miles/year 5,865,695,000,000 miles/year 58,656,950,000,000 miles/year 6,789,000,0000 miles/year

What is the function of compilers and interpreters? how does a compiler differ from an interpreter?