Computers and Technology, 06.05.2020 06:24 briannagiddens
One of the earlier applications of crypto-graphic hash functions was the storage of passwords to authenticate usersin computer systems. With this method, a password is hashed after itsinput and is compared to the stored (hashed) reference password.
(a) Assume that you are a hacker and you got access to the hashedpassword list. You would like to impersonate some of the users. Discuss which of the following three attacks below allow this. Exactlydescribe the consequences of each of the attacks:
•Attack A: You break the one-way property ofh.
•Attack B: You can find second preimages forh.
•Attack C: You can find collisions forh.
(b) Why is this technique of storing passwords often extended by theuse of a so-calledsalt? (A salt is a random value appended to thepassword before hashing. Together with the hash, the value of saltis stored in the list of hashed passwords.) Are the attacks aboveaffected by this technique?
(c) Is a hash function with an output length of 80 bit sufficient for this application?
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