Which of the following phrases describes top-down processing

A. The entry level data captured by our various sensory systems
B. The effect that our experiences and expectations have on perception
C. Our tendency to scan a visual field from top to bottom
D. Our inclination to follow a predetermined set of steps, beginning with step 1, to process sound
E. The fact that information is processed by the higher regions of the brain before it reaches the lower brain.

B. The effect that our experiences and expectations have on perception

Explanation:

Top-down processing refers to how our brains make use of information that has already been brought into the brain by one or more of the sensory systems. Top-down processing is a cognitive process that initiates with our thoughts, which flow down to lower-level functions, such as the senses.

Top-down processing is when we form our perceptions starting with a larger object, concept, or idea before working our way toward more detailed information. In other words, top-down processing happens when we work from the general to the specific—the big picture to the tiny details.