The freemen's bureau was the U. S.' first program.

welfare

Explanation:

The Freemen's bureau was the first Welfare program in the US that was put forward in the year 1865 just after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. It was headed by Oliver O Howard. And it was brought for providing the food, clothing, medical care, and education to the recently freed white refugees and the freed slaves. And it was supposed to be a kind of welfare.  

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