Explain the difference between internal fragmentation and external fragmentation. Which one occurs in paging systems? Which one occurs in systems using pure seg- mentation?

Internal fragmentation occurs when the last allocation unit is not full. External fragmentation occurs when space is wasted between two allocation units. In a paging system, the wasted space in the last page is lost to internal fragmentation.

In a paging system where fixed size of pages are allocated to the program and last partition of the program may not require entire page.

In a pure segmentation system where memory is not contiguously allocated in fixed partition leading to unused memory blocks.

Explanation: