Consider regwrite control signal’s passage through the pipelined datapath. it is fetched in the id stage but is only used during the wb stage. however, this control signal is passed sequentially through ex & mem stages, taking extra memory space in pipeline registers. to save memory in id/ex and ex/mem registers, we decide to forward the regwrite control directly to the mem/wb pipeline register at the end if the id stage. write a series of mips instructions that will showcase a problem with this modification. explain the problem.

1. package newton’s method for approximating square roots (case study 3.6) in a function named newton. this function expects the input number as an argument and returns the estimate of its square root. the script should also include a main function that allows the user to compute square roots of inputs until she presses the enter/return key. 2. convert newton’s method for approximating square roots in project 1 to a recursive function named newton. (hint: the estimate of the square root should be passed as a second argument to the function.) 3. elena complains that the recursive newton function in project 2 includes an extra argument for the estimate. the function’s users should not have to provide this value, which is always the same, when they call this function. modify the definition of the function so that it uses a keyword parameter with the appropriate default value for this argument, and call the function without a second argument to demonstrate that it solves this problem. 4. restructure newton’s method (case study 3.6) by decomposing it into three cooperating functions. the newton function can use either the recursive strategy of project 1 or the iterative strategy of case study 3.6. the task of testing for the limit is assigned to a function named limitreached, whereas the task of computing a new approximation is assigned to a function named improveestimate. each function expects the relevant arguments and returns an appropriate value. 5. a list is sorted in ascending order if it is empty or each item except the last one is less than or equal to its successor. define a predicate issorted that expects a list as an argument and returns true if the list is sorted, or returns false otherwise. (hint: for a list of length 2 or greater, loop through the list and compare pairs of items, from left to right, and return false if the first item in a pair is greater.)

An atom's diameter is about 0.1 nanometer (1×10-9m), and a human hair is about 1×10-3m. how many times greater is a human hair than an atom's diameter? sorry pushed wronf button but this is math

Consider a byte-addressable computer with 16mb of main memory, a cache capable of storing a total of 64kb of data and block size of 32 bytes. (a) how many bits in the memory address? (b) how many blocks are in the cache? (c) specify the format of the memory address, including names and sizes, when the cache is: 1. direct-mapped 2. 4-way set associative 3. fully associative